Supreme Courts
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A supreme court (also called a court of last resort, instance, or judgment; a high or highest court; or, in South Asia, an apex court) is in some jurisdictions the highest judicial body within that jurisdiction's court system, whose rulings are not subject to further review by another court, in other words, its decisions cannot be appealed against. The designations for such courts differ among jurisdictions. Courts of last resort typically function primarily as appellate courts, hearing appeals of decisions made by the lower trial courts or intermediate-level appellate courts. Many countries in fact have multiple "supreme courts," with each being the court of last resort for a particular geographical region or on a particular area of law. The United States, having a federal system of government, has a single supreme court, the Supreme Court of the United States, but each U.S. state furthermore has its own high court, over which the U.S. Supreme Court only has jurisdiction on issues of federal law. Other jurisdictions follow the Austrian model of a separate constitutional court (first developed in the Czechoslovak constitution and Austrian Constitution of 1920). Furthermore, in e.g. Finland, Sweden, Czech Republic, Poland, and the Republic of China, there is a separate supreme administrative court, whose decisions are final and whose jurisdiction does not overlap with the supreme court. The U.S. states of Texas and Oklahoma also divide subject matter jurisdiction among two separate courts of last resort, with one hearing criminal cases and the other civil cases. In Commonwealth jurisdictions, historically the first superior court established by the British colonial power was typically called the Supreme Court, and had both original (i.e., trial) and first-tier appellate jurisdiction, with final appeals going to the Privy Council in London. Over time, final appeals were taken over by newly-created local courts of final appeal and in some jurisdictions the former Supreme Court was renamed as the High Court (e.g., New Zealand, Hong Kong), Court of Queen's Bench (e.g. Alberta, Manitoba) or Superior Court (e.g. Ontario), but in others (e.g. the Australian states and some Canadian provinces) the name Supreme Court has been retained even if it is now mainly a trial court and no longer the apex court in the country (see under individual countries below). Many higher courts create through their decisions case law applicable within their respective jurisdictions or interpret codal provisions in civil law countries to maintain a uniform interpretation:
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GNU Free Documentation License Matching Results for Supreme Courts:Ruhollah KhomeiniAnyone who will say that religion is separate from politics is a fool; he does not know Islam or politics. John Marshall Sourced. It is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is...If two laws conflict with each other, the courts must decide on ... Harper Lee Nelle Harper Lee (born April 28, 1926) is an American novelist and author of the classic 1960 novel, To Kill a Mockingbird. Sourced. Well, they re Southern people ... From Wikiquote under the
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